In this theory, all accidents are treated as corresponding to Heinrich’s acts of God, and it is held that there exist no interventions to prevent them.īiased liability theory is based on the view that once a worker is involved in an accident, the chances of the same worker becoming involved in future accidents are either increased or decreased as compared to the rest of workers. It further implies that there is no single discernible pattern of events that leads to an accident. The major contribution of this theory is to bring out the fact that rarely, if ever, is an accident the result of a single cause or act.Īccording to the pure chance theory, every one of any given set of workers has an equal chance of being involved in an accident. This category includes improper guarding of other hazardous work elements and degradation of equipment through use and unsafe procedures. This category includes factors pertaining to the worker, such as improper attitude, lack of knowledge, lack of skills and inadequate physical and mental condition.Įnvironmental. According to this theory, the contributory factors can be grouped into the following two categories:īehavioural. Multiple causation theory is an outgrowth of the domino theory, but it postulates that for a single accident there may be many contributory factors, causes and sub-causes, and that certain combinations of these give rise to accidents. Although Heinrich provided no data for his theory, it nonetheless represents a useful point to start discussion and a foundation for future research. In the same way that the removal of a single domino in the row would interrupt the sequence of toppling, Heinrich suggested that removal of one of the factors would prevent the accident and resultant injury with the key domino to be removed from the sequence being number 3. unsafe act together with mechanical and physical hazard.The sequence of accident factors is as follows: He proposed a “five-factor accident sequence” in which each factor would actuate the next step in the manner of toppling dominoes lined up in a row. Heinrich (1931), who developed the so-called domino theory, 88% of all accidents are caused by unsafe acts of people, 10% by unsafe actions and 2% by “acts of God”. In this article, a brief outline of various accident causation theories is presented, followed by a structure of accidents.Īccording to W.H. Researchers from different fields of science and engineering have been trying to develop a theory of accident causation which will help to identify, isolate and ultimately remove the factors that contribute to or cause accidents. Many attempts have been made to develop a prediction theory of accident causation, but so far none has been universally accepted. Preventing accidents is extremely difficult in the absence of an understanding of the causes of accidents. Accidents are defined as unplanned occurrences which result in injuries, fatalities, loss of production or damage to property and assets.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |